In the standard model, the mass, charge, and energy of matter are independent properties that exist because they do, but in this model they all come from quantum processing. If matter is a standing wave of light, then mass is the net processing that repeats, charge is the net processing that doesn’t run, and energy is the rate of processing transfer on the network. In a particle model, empty space is nothing at all, but now it is null processing. Figure 4.16 summarizes the basic processing structures as follows:
1. Space. A point of empty space is a null process on a network. The net process is zero so it has no mass, the process remainder is zero so it has no charge, and if no processing is transferred, it has no energy.
2. Photon. An extreme photon is the null process of space distributed over two points. There is a momentary net process result at each point so it has a relativistic mass, the process remainder is zero so it has no charge, but processing is transferred so it has energy.
3. Electron. An electron is a standing wave of extreme photons colliding head-to-head on one axis. There is a net result so it has mass, the remainder is negative so it has a negative charge, and its movement transfers processing to give it energy.
4. Neutrino. A neutrino is a standing wave of extreme photons colliding head-to-tail on one axis. There is a tiny result due to asymmetry so it has a tiny mass, the remainders cancel so it has no charge, and its movement transfers some processing so it has some energy.
5. Quark. A quark is a standing wave of three extreme photons in a plane, where an up quark is a head-tail-tail collision, and a down quark is a head-head-tail collision. The net result in both cases gives mass, the remainders give one-third charges, and movement transfers processing to give energy.
6. Anti-matter. Anti-matter versions of electrons, neutrinos, and quarks arise by reversing their processing, to give the same mass but an opposite charge remainder.
Instead of mass, charge, and energy being unrelated properties of a matter substance, this model relates them to processing on a network that also creates empty space. All the basic properties of physics then arise from processing.
