The standard model describes basic matter entities that have mass, charge, and energy, then accepts that mass equates to energy, based on Einstein’s equation, for no obvious reason except that it is so.
In contrast, a processing model equates mass and energy because matter is made of light. If matter is light repeating endlessly in a standing wave, then the energy of light and the mass of matter are just processing in different forms, and charge is also the net processing left-over. This model relates basic properties of physics that the standard model doesn’t connect in any way. Figure 4.16 summarizes these conclusions for mass, energy, and charge as follows:
1. Space. A point of empty space is null processing on a quantum network. The net process is zero, so it has no mass, the net process transfer averages zero, so it expresses no energy, and the process remainder is zero, so it has no charge.
2. Photon. A photon can’t stop to be weighed but at each point, it has a net process result, so it has mass, it transfers processing, so it has energy, and no process remainder means it has no charge.
3. Electron. An electron has a net process net result, so it has mass, it transfers processing as it moves, so it has energy, and its processing remainder gives it a negative charge.
4. Neutrino. A neutrino has a tiny process result, so it has a tiny mass, it transfers processing as it moves, so it has energy, but its processing remainders cancel, so it has no charge.
5. Quark. A quark has a net process result, so it has mass, it transfers processing as it moves, so it has energy, and its processing remainder gives one-third charges according to phase (up or down).
6. Anti-matter. Anti-matter versions of electrons, neutrinos, and quarks arise by reversing their processing. The result is the same mass but an opposite charge remainder.
In this model, space is a null process circle, light is space distributed, and matter is a standing wave of extreme light on one or more axes. Mass is the net process that repeats, charge is the net process left over, and energy is the rate of processing transfer. The basic properties of all the basic entities of physics then arise from processing.
