If the laws of physics varied, each new point would need new rules, but in our world the equations are the same wherever we are. This spatial symmetry is basic to physics but neutrinos violate it because they always spin left-handed. This asymmetry is reflected neither in the world we see nor in the laws that describe it, so as Pauli said:
“I cannot believe God is a weak left hander” (Lederma & Teresi, 2012), p256.
What is spin-handedness? If you point your left thumb forward, the fingers of your hand curl in a left-handed spin, but with your right thumb forward, they curl in a right-handed spin. Figure 4.25 shows how left and right-handed screws are different, and particles can also spin differently as they move.
However particles can also change direction, so if both your hands move forward, their spin is different, but if one hand moves backwards, their spin is the same. Essentially, reversing the direction reverses the spin, so reversing an electron’s direction should make it spin the other way, by spatial symmetry, and electrons do indeed spin both ways.
In contrast, all neutrinos have left-handed spin, and all anti-neutrinos have right-handed spin. Electrons spin either way, but their brother neutrinos don’t. The standard model can’t explain why a neutrino spins the same way when it reverses direction, or why changing its spin makes it an anti-neutrino. That neutrinos always spin left is a deep mystery that contradicts spatial symmetry.
The photon structure derived earlier for a neutrino suggests an answer. When the first photon moved up or down on space to make matter or anti-matter, it also had to spin left or right and apparently it went left. The electron’s entangled photon set both spin left so their opposite directions let it have both left and right spin at once. In a physical event, an electron can spin either way and changing direction reverses both spins so it still spins either way, randomly.
One might expect the same for neutrinos but while the electron’s mass comes from both photon sets colliding, neutrino mass comes from only one of the photon sets. A neutrino reversing direction changes phase so what create its mass is now the other set of photons, which also spin left. When electrons reverse direction their mass origin doesn’t change but when neutrinos change direction the other set of left spinning photons create the mass. Neutrinos always spin left because when they reverse direction the source of their tiny mass changes.
Since a neutrino processing in reverse is an anti-neutrino, they always have right-handed spin for the same reason that neutrinos always spin left. The mirror image of a particle should be the same particle but the mirror image of a neutrino’s processing is not the same by the asymmetry that created our matter universe. A quantum processing model explains why neutrinos always spin left and anti-neutrinos always spin right.